Spatial distribution characteristics of splashing rainfall caused by nappe flow impingement on a plunge pool

Splashing is the main atomization source for a jet impinging on liquid layer. Increased understanding of splashing rainfall characteristics can help to reduce hazard flood discharge in hydraulic engineering. In this study, spatial distribution caused by nappe flow downstream water cushion was experimentally investigated. Effects factors impingement velocity, unit discharge, and water-cushion depth were The shape contours approximately elliptical horizontal planes. Maximum intensity surrounding region, decreased with an increase distance between center point measurement points. increased increases velocity whereas opposite observed plunge pool depth. A gamma described longitudinal vertical direction, Gaussian transverse direction. series empirical relations proposed.